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Academic activity 1. General Physics o Module 1. Mechanics, molecular physics, and thermodynamics Physics, the most fundamental science, is concerned with the basic principles of the Universe. It provides the basis for other sciences. This textbook is a course in introductory physics for students mastering science or engineering. The main objectives of this introductory physics textbook are twofold: to provide the student with a clear and logical presentation of the basic concepts of physics, and to strengthen an understanding of these concepts through applications to the real world. So we have attempted to motivate readers through practical examples. The mathematical background of the student taking this course should include one semester of calculus. A large number of examples of varying difficulty are presented as an aid in understanding concepts. In many cases, these examples serve as models for solving another problems. In general, all the physical phenomena are parts of one or more of the following areas of physics: 1. Classical mechanics, which is concerned with the motion of objects moving at speeds that are low compared to the speed of light 2. Relativity, which describes objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light 3. Thermodynamics, which deals with heat, work, temperature, and statistical behavior of a large number of particles 4. Electromagnetism, which involves the theory of electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic fields 5. Oscillations and Waves 6. Quantum mechanics, a theory dealing with the behavior of particles on the submicroscopic level The first part of this textbook deals with classical or Newtonian mechanics. Mechanics is of vital importance for students from all disciplines. The laws introduced in mechanics retain their importance in fundamental theories that follow, including theories of modern physics. The second part gives an introduction to the special theory of relativity, with emphasis on some of its consequences. The third part deals with mechanical oscillations and wave motion. In fourth part, we turn to the study of thermodynamics, which is concerned with the concepts of heat and temperature. Thermodynamics is very successful in explaining properties of matter and correlation between these properties and mechanics of atoms and molecules. And finally, there is no simple answer to the question: “How to study physics and prepare for examination?” But there are some recommendations based on our experience in learning and teaching over the years. The first and the main recommendation is: maintain a positive attitude toward the subjects’ matter, keep in mind that physics is most fundamental of all natural sciences. Other science courses that follow will use the same physical principles, so it is important that you understand and be able to apply various concepts and theories discussed in the text. 2. Module 2. Electricity and magnetism (Electrodynamics) This textbook is a second part of course in introductory physics for students mastering science or engineering. The main objective of this part is electromagnetism, which involves the theory of electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic fields, elements of the theory of relativity in electrodynamics. 3. The mathematical background of the student taking this course should include one or two semesters of calculus. A large number of examples of varying difficulty are presented as an aid in understanding concepts. In many cases, these examples serve as models for solving another problems. o Module 3. Oscillations and waves. Optics. Elements of atomic and nuclear physics This is the third volume of a three-volume course in physics summing up the experience gained by the authors for more than ten years of teaching the subject in English at the Tomsk Polytechnic University. The stuff of the University has a long history of teaching physics and all of the previous developed ideas have been used. But, by no means, this version is a direct translation from Russian into English. The manual has been written from the very beginning in English using all the advantages of the emotional and expressive language of William Shakespeare and Isaac Newton. The accent is placed not only on imparting information, but also on the formation of physical thinking by the students and on their mastering of the ideas and methods of the science. Improved ways of treating a number of questions have been found. These made the exposition stricter, and at the same time simpler and easier to understand. The main content of the present volume is the science of optics, which represents the last section of the classical physics; and the second part of our course, which we named the modern physics. The second part includes more then 70 items dedicated to the most important questions of the modern physics. In particular, the phenomenon of superconductivity and the high-temperature superconductors are discussed in detail. The present course is intended for the foreign students who might have problems with Russian language, and above all for our Christian friends from Cyprus. Of course, this manual may be used by everybody who wants to improve his knowledge in Physics. 4. Introduction to Engineering Activity 5. Fundamentals of Nuclear Analysis of Solid State 6. Problem-based learning physics
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