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At the present time particle accelerators have a wide range of application. One of the most promising radiations is the electron beams with different energies, which are widely used in such clinical areas as medical diagnosis, external-beam radiotherapy and intraoperative radiotherapy. The clinical electron beam application needs to have an exact representation of the beam profile and shape and be able to manage the parameters in accordance with specific purposes. In this case it is necessary to create the new method of the electron beam modulation. Certainly, the advanced directions of the development are such as that allows increasing the accuracy and rapidity of the forming units, such as filters, blocks and collimating systems, production and reducing their cost. One of the perspectives is to use the 3D-printer materials for the accelerator beam forming units production. The 3D printed structures are useful in the different medical and industrial areas, because of the possibility to change the material property for the task-specific. For this purpose the technique was development of the formation of electron beams with complex shape for medical application based on additive technologies. This technique includes: design of the filters, blocks and collimating systems according to the actual tasks; 3D-printing of the forming units with individual shape; numerical simulation of the dose distribution in the target volume.
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More and more devices based on the use of electron beams are coming out every day. There are various methods of determining characteristics of the electron beam. However, they do not give a complete picture of spatial characteristics of the electron beam. This requires measuring the flux density distribution of electrons in the beam cross section. For this purpose the new method was developed based on transverse scanning of the electron beam by thin strip at different angles. The cross section of the distribution of electron flux density is restored by the inverse Radon transformation of beam current depending on the position of the scanning element. Based on this method an experimental set-up of the scanning device was developed. This device allows measuring the flux density distribution of electrons in the beam cross section without consumables and slightly dependent on the electron energy, with a resolution of about 1 mm.
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Nowadays there are a wide range of various X-ray sources for the radiographic analysis. However, all these techniques have limitations related to the radiation dose for the biological objects. Accordingly, the developments of the new methods to reduce radiation doses for the patient are relevant. For this purpose the new method was developed based on synchronization of the pulsed irradiation source with the detecting device. Such X-ray visualization setups based on the pulsed X-ray generator RAP-160-5 were created in the Department of Applied Physics of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. These setups can be used for receiving two- and three-dimensional images. The dosimetric measurements showed a significant radiation dose decline to the objects in comparison with conventional techniques.
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Irina Miloichikova is an author of several dozen scientific publications.
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Irina Miloichikova is an author of several dozen scientific publications.
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