1. Simulation of light scattering in powder materials
The forecasting of light scattering in the volume of diffusely scattering media explains the physical nature of many phenomena studied in the areas of optics, photometry, light engineering, and the condensed matter physics. In the general case, the light field in the volume of the scattering medium depends on many factors: the parameters of the light beam, the properties of the individual light scattering centers, their configuration and the average distance between them, the scattering indicatrix of the elementary volume, the radiation wavelength, etc. The problem of establishing a connection between the structure of the light field scattered by a strongly turbid medium and the structure of its matter has been given quite a lot of attention previously. However, the solution of this problem is either very complicated, as a solution to the integro-differential transport equation, which can not be solved explicitly because of the consideration of the set of interface boundaries, or insufficiently correct, due to a number of approximations. Therefore, the method of simulation modeling, the Monte Carlo method, closest to reality is the one that, in modern conditions, becomes feasible, in connection with the emergence of high-performance computers.

2. Catastrophic processes in materials under high power pulses of electron and laser beams
The project is devoted to experimental and theoretical investigation of the main regularities of initiation and explosive decomposition of energy materials of some classes, in particular, heavy metal azides, secondary explosives and pyrotechnic compounds, under the action of a laser pulse and beam of accelerated electrons. The main objective of the project is to reveal the nature of the explosive decomposition and to create adequate model representations about the mechanisms of initiation. Despite the huge accumulated experimental material, this problem has not been solved. There are two diametrically opposite approaches to describing the processes of initiation by an external pulse: thermal focal and chain photochemical, based on chain multiplication of band charge carriers (electrons, holes). It is supposed to solve the problem of describing the behavior of energy materials with different methods of excitation from a unified position. The solution of the problem will allow, on the one hand, to use effectively the investigated energy materials classes in various devices, and on the other, to increase the safety in handling explosives and products based on them.

3. Numerical simulation of heating and destruction of transparent dielectric materials by laser radiation pulses
The effect of high-power laser radiation on transparent dielectrics (optical glasses, alkali-halide crystals, etc.) can lead to irreversible changes in their structure up to mechanical destruction. Model concepts of the mechanisms of destruction are reduced to the creation of high-temperature hot spots in the vicinity of optical inhomogeneities. In the case of transparent dielectrics, local heating is accompanied by the appearance of thermoelastic stresses, which lead to the destruction of microvolumes, and if the acting pulse exceeds a certain threshold value, the entire exposed volume is destroyed. Of particular interest is the occurrence of thermal foci in unstable materials (explosives). This situation can lead to explosive chemical decomposition in the vicinity of hot spots with the transition to explosion and complete destruction of the sample under study. In this project, we consider the possibility of creating high-temperature hot spots in the assumption of localization of laser pulse energy (LI) on absorbing microinclusions present in the volume of a substance transparent to laser radiation. The solution of the problem is fulfilled for chemically active and passive (inert) media and is represented in the form of spatially temporary temperature profiles at flux densities corresponding to the experimental measured thresholds of optical destruction of optical glasses and explosive decomposition of some transparent explosives.

4. Architectural and Interior lighting
Architectural and interior light design. The economic conditions of the last decade led to the collapse of design institutes and design bureaus engaged in the development and design of lighting installations for indoor and outdoor lighting. The vacuum that has arisen at the moment makes it necessary to engage in research and development in the field of light design, adaptation and development to the world level using modern technologies, calculation methods and new devices (light, electric, automatic). The reviving industry already requires specialists in lighting engineering who deals with modern technologies, so there is a need to conduct research in this area. Lighting design involves the development of a lighting system for outdoor (architectural or street) or indoor (industrial, office, public buildings and structures) lighting. The solution of these problems requires modern scientific and methodological approaches, artistic and design innovative solutions.